iFAB Illinois Fermentation and Agriculture Biomanufacturing Hub

Biological / Food Science Technicians

Biological/Food Science Technicians assist biological and medical scientists. Set up, operate, and maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, collect data and samples, make observations, and calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.  

Bio techs support scientists and process engineers in producing biological products such as vaccines, therapeutic proteins, enzymes, biofuels, and other bioproducts. Their work bridges laboratory research and large-scale production.

Industry Outlook

Employment Growth

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment for biological technicians is projected to grow about 7% from 2023 to 2033, keeping pace with average job growth, but demand in biomanufacturing may grow faster due to expansion in biologics, cell and gene therapies, and sustainable bioproducts.

Industry Drivers

Growth is fueled by advances in synthetic biology, demand for new biologic drugs, and innovations in industrial biotechnology. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated investments in vaccine and therapeutic manufacturing capacity, which continues to bolster opportunities.

Salary Range

Biological technicians in biomanufacturing typically earn $45,000–$65,000 annually, with higher salaries for those with specialized skills (e.g., cell culture, downstream purification) or experience in regulated manufacturing environments. Senior roles, or positions in biotech hubs, can exceed $70,000.

Competencies Specific to Biological Science Technicians

Laboratory & Experimental Skills

  • Sample Collection & Preparation – Gathering biological specimens from plants, animals, microorganisms, or environmental sources.
  • Microscopy & Imaging – Preparing slides, staining specimens, and interpreting micrographs.
  • Molecular Biology Techniques – PCR, gel electrophoresis, DNA/RNA extraction, sequencing support.
  • Biochemical Assays – ELISA, enzyme activity assays, protein quantification (e.g., Bradford, BCA).
  • Cell Culture & Microbial Work – Maintaining sterile cultures, monitoring growth, and assessing viability.

Field & Environmental Sampling

  • Environmental Monitoring – Collecting air, water, and soil samples for biological analysis.
  • Ecological Survey Techniques – Tracking species populations, conducting biodiversity assessments.
  • Specimen Preservation – Using proper preservation methods to maintain sample integrity for analysis.

Data Management & Reporting

  • Scientific Recordkeeping – Maintaining lab notebooks, databases, and digital lab management systems.
  • Statistical Analysis – Applying biostatistics to interpret experimental results.
  • Technical Reporting – Summarizing findings for scientists, stakeholders, or regulatory agencies.

Competencies Specific to Food Science Technicians

Food Quality & Safety Testing

  • Microbiological Testing – Detecting foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, E. coli, Listeria).
  • Chemical & Nutritional Analysis – Testing for pH, moisture, fat content, vitamins, and minerals.
  • Sensory Evaluation – Conducting taste, aroma, and texture assessments following standardized protocols.
  • Shelf-Life & Stability Studies – Monitoring product quality over time under controlled storage conditions.

Regulatory & Compliance Knowledge

  • Food Safety Standards – Understanding HACCP, FSMA, USDA, and FDA regulations.
  • Labeling Compliance – Ensuring nutrition and ingredient labels meet legal requirements.
  • Allergen Testing – Identifying and quantifying allergenic ingredients in food products.

Food Processing Knowledge

  • Processing Equipment Operation – Familiarity with mixers, homogenizers, pasteurizers, and packaging machinery.
  • Process Control – Monitoring temperature, pressure, and other parameters during food production.
  • Waste Reduction & Sustainability – Applying practices to reduce food waste and improve resource efficiency.

Industry Associations for Biological Technicians

On-the-Job Training Guide

On the job training guide for Biological Technicians.  This guide can be used to design an apprenticeship program related this occupation.

OTJ Guide (Downstream)
OTJ Guide (Upstream)

Competency Matrix

A competency matrix is a tool that outlines the key skills, knowledge, and abilities needed for success.  By reviewing the matrix, you can better understand the expectations of a Biological/Food Science Technician.

Click Here for the Matrix